The Itaipu Fortress is located in Praia Grande, serving as living proof that the “Brazilian Miami” goes far beyond tall buildings and trendy beaches. Built in the early 20th century to protect the Port of Santos, the fort was a symbol of Brazilian naval defense and remains under Army control to this day.
To the delight of tourists, the complex is open for visits on specificdays, offering a tour that combines history lessons, trails through the Atlantic Forest, and viewpoints overlooking the sea. In addition to the unique opportunity to walk through corridors that were once the scene of conflicts, revolts, and important political decisions.
Photo: Rogério Casemiro/MTur Destinations
Military complex prevented enemy ships from reaching Praia Grande
The fortress’s history began in 1902, with the need to strengthen the defenses of the São Paulo coast. Three forts were then built: Duque de Caxias, Jurubatuba, and Rego Barros, from where it was possible to supervise the ships passing through the channel of the Santos Port estuary.
Over the course of the century, the complex witnessed decisive historical moments. During the Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932, for example, local troops supported the São Paulo movement and fired cannons at federal ships approaching the Santos bar.
During World War II, the fort intensified its surveillance to combat any enemy approach to the coast of São Paulo. In addition, during the military dictatorship, the space served as a detention center for opponents of the regime.
Photo: Rogério Casemiro/MTur Destinations
Why visit the Itaipu Fortress?
Although it is still used for military purposes, the complex is open to visitors free of charge on Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays. The guided tour crosses the Xixová-Japuí State Park, offering a moment of contemplation of nature before reaching the cannon batteries.
The viewpoints at the top of the hill offer a privileged view of the Baixada Santista, highlighting why its location was so strategic for guarding the coast. The itinerary also includes a visit to the military villages, cannons, and century-old fortifications, combining historical curiosities with a peaceful outdoor tour.